Contraception
Contraception, or preventing pregnancy, is extremely important if you are sexually active. No form of contraception is 100% effective in preventing pregnancy. Oral contraceptives (the "pill") are the most common form of birth control. They work by preventing ovulation in a female body. These are synthetic hormones that cause the body to stop releasing eggs. Since no egg is available to be fertilized, pregnancy cannot occur. Birth control pills do require a prescription.
Nova Ring is a flexible plastic ring inserted into the vagina that is coated with medication found in birth control pills and needs to be changed once monthly.
Depo-Provera is a drug that is given by an intermuscular injection on a periodic basis to prevent pregnancy. It works in much the same way as birth control pills. It requires a prescription.
A condom is a thin rubber sheath worn over the penis. Condoms are helpful to prevent pregnancy and protect against disease so it is recommended that condoms be used even if the woman is taking birth control pills. Condoms can be purchased without a prescription, but must be used correctly to prevent pregnancy.
There are methods for emergency contraception to prevent pregnancy after sexual intercourse has occurred. The most common is a pill that contains the female hormone, progestin. It must be taken within five days (120) hours of unprotected sex, but is more effective the sooner you take it.
A diaphragm is a method that prevents pregnancy by creating a barrier that prevents the sperm from entering the female reproductive system. A diaphragm fits over the cervix and is used together with a spermicidal cream, foam, or jelly. (These contain substances that kill the sperm). A cervical cap works in much the same way. These birth control methods both require a prescription.
There are other methods of birth control but they are generally not recommended for adolescents. You may have heard from friends about withdrawing the penis before ejaculation or flushing out the vagina with a solution after sex (douching) but these methods do not work to prevent pregnancy. This is a subject where it is critical that you know the facts. Remember, if you risk getting pregnant, you also risk contracting a sexually transmitted disease.
If you are contemplating having sexual intercourse, it is a good time to think about the consequences-both to yourself and your partner. An incurable sexually transmitted disease and/or an unwanted pregnancy are just the obvious.
If you want more information or help, talk to someone who cares about you. Ask your parents, an older brother or sister or an adult you feel will listen and give you good advice.
